Results for 'R. S. Roberts'

971 found
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  1.  9
    Methodology, Metaphysics and the History of Science: In Memory of Benjamin Nelson.R. S. Cohen, Robert S. Cohen & Marx W. Wartofsky - 1984 - Springer Verlag.
    This selection of papers that were presented (or nearly so!) to the Boston Colloquium for the Philosophy of Science during the seventies fairly re presents some of the most disturbing issues of scientific knowledge in these years. To the distant observer, it may seem that the defense of rational standards, objective reference, methodical self-correction, even the distin guishing of the foolish from the sensible and the truth-seeking from the ideological, has nearly collapsed. In fact, the defense may be seen to (...)
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  2.  1
    World Views and Scientific Discipline Formation: Science Studies in the German Democratic Republic.William R. Woodward & Robert S. Cohen (eds.) - 1991 - Dordrecht: Kluwer.
    Ca. 40 published papers from a summer institute in the German Democratic Republic in 1988.
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  3. Toward ethical norms and institutions for climate engineering research.David R. Morrow, Robert E. Kopp & Michael Oppenheimer - 2009 - Environmental Research Letters 4.
    Climate engineering (CE), the intentional modification of the climate in order to reduce the effects of increasing greenhouse gas concentrations, is sometimes touted as a potential response to climate change. Increasing interest in the topic has led to proposals for empirical tests of hypothesized CE techniques, which raise serious ethical concerns. We propose three ethical guidelines for CE researchers, derived from the ethics literature on research with human and animal subjects, applicable in the event that CE research progresses beyond computer (...)
     
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  4.  40
    Essay Review: The Royal College of Physicians of London in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries: A History of the Royal College of Physicians of London.R. S. Roberts - 1966 - History of Science 5 (1):87-100.
  5. Political legitimacy in decisions about experiments in solar radiation management.David R. Morrow, Robert E. Kopp & Michael Oppenheimer - 2013 - In William C. G. Burns & Andrew Strauss (eds.), Climate Change Geoengineering: Philosophical Perspectives, Legal Issues, and Governance Frameworks. Cambridge University Press.
    Some types of solar radiation management (SRM) research are ethically problematic because they expose persons, animals, and ecosystems to significant risks. In our earlier work, we argued for ethical norms for SRM research based on norms for biomedical research. Biomedical researchers may not conduct research on persons without their consent, but universal consent is impractical for SRM research. We argue that instead of requiring universal consent, ethical norms for SRM research require only political legitimacy in decision-making about global SRM trials. (...)
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  6. Intellectual virtues: An essay in regulative epistemology * by R. C. Roberts and W. J. wood.R. Roberts & W. Wood - 2009 - Analysis 69 (1):181-182.
    Since the publication of Edmund Gettier's challenge to the traditional epistemological doctrine of knowledge as justified true belief, Roberts and Wood claim that epistemologists lapsed into despondency and are currently open to novel approaches. One such approach is virtue epistemology, which can be divided into virtues as proper functions or epistemic character traits. The authors propose a notion of regulative epistemology, as opposed to a strict analytic epistemology, based on intellectual virtues that function not as rules or even as (...)
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  7.  94
    Global Basic Rights.Charles R. Beitz & Robert E. Goodin (eds.) - 2009 - Oxford University Press.
    Global Basic Rights brings together many of the most influential contemporary writers in political philosophy and international relations to explore some of the most challenging theoretical and practical questions provoked by Henry Shue's classic book Basic Rights.
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  8.  31
    Errors in transfer following learning with understanding: further studies with Katona's card-trick experiments.Ernest R. Hilgard, Robert D. Edgren & Robert P. Irvine - 1954 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 47 (6):457.
  9.  50
    Rote memorization, understanding, and transfer: an extension of Katona's card-trick experiments.Ernest R. Hilgard, Robert P. Irvine & James E. Whipple - 1953 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 46 (4):288.
  10.  28
    Metrics and mappings: A framework for understanding real-world quantitative estimation.Norman R. Brown & Robert S. Siegler - 1993 - Psychological Review 100 (3):511-534.
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  11.  57
    Apriori and world: European contributions to Husserlian phenomenology.William R. McKenna, Robert M. Harlan & Laurence E. Winters (eds.) - 1981 - Hingham, MA: distributors for the U.S. and Canada, Kluwer Boston.
    Mohanty, J.N. Understanding Husserl's transcendental phenomenology.--Fink, E. The problem of the phenomenology of Edmund Husserl. Operative concepts in Husserl's phenomenology.--Funke, G. A transcendental-phenomenological investigation concerning universal idealism, intentional analysis, and the genesis of habitus: archē, phansis, hexis, logos.--Pentzopoulou-Valalas, T. Reflections on the foundation of the relation between the a priori and the eidos in the phenomenology of Husserl.--Landgrebe, L. Regions of being and regional ontologies in Husserl's phenomenology. The problem posed by the transcendental science of the a priori of the (...)
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  12.  51
    Models of Consent to Return of Incidental Findings in Genomic Research.Paul S. Appelbaum, Erik Parens, Cameron R. Waldman, Robert Klitzman, Abby Fyer, Josue Martinez, W. Nicholson Price & Wendy K. Chung - 2014 - Hastings Center Report 44 (4):22-32.
    Genomic research—including whole genome sequencing and whole exome sequencing—has a growing presence in contemporary biomedical investigation. The capacity of sequencing techniques to generate results that go beyond the primary aims of the research—historically referred to as “incidental findings”—has generated considerable discussion as to how this information should be handled—that is, whether incidental results should be returned, and if so, which ones.Federal regulations governing most human subjects research in the United States require the disclosure of “the procedures to be followed” in (...)
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  13.  41
    A single instrument: Engineering and engineering technology students demonstrating competence in ethics and professional standards.Charles R. Feldhaus, Robert M. Wolter, Stephen P. Hundley & Tim Diemer - 2006 - Science and Engineering Ethics 12 (2):291-311.
    This paper details efforts by the Purdue School of Engineering and Technology at Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis to create a single instrument for honors science, technology, engineering and mathematics students wishing to demonstrate competence in the IUPUI Principles of Undergraduate Learning and Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology Engineering Accreditation Criterion and Technology Accreditation Criterion 2, a through k. Honors courses in Human Behavior, Ethical Decision-Making, Applied Leadership, International Issues and Leadership Theories and Processes were created along with a (...)
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  14.  40
    Visual copresence and conversational coordination.Susan R. Fussell & Robert E. Kraut - 2004 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 27 (2):196-197.
    Pickering & Garrod's (P&G's) theory of dialogue production cannot completely explain recent data showing that when interactants in referential communication tasks have different views of a physical space, they accommodate their language to their partner's view rather than mimicking their partner's expressions. Instead, these data are consistent with the hypothesis that interactants are taking the perspective of their conversational partners.
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  15.  27
    The growth of dislocation loops during the irradiation of aluminium.K. H. Westmacott, A. C. Roberts & R. S. Barnes - 1962 - Philosophical Magazine 7 (84):2035-2049.
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  16.  13
    Thermoelectric power and thermal conductivity An integral method—aluminium.R. B. Roberts & R. S. Crisp - 1977 - Philosophical Magazine 36 (1):81-89.
  17.  40
    Roles and Values.Robert Brown & R. S. Downie - 1973 - Philosophical Review 82 (4):520.
  18.  41
    Controlling Brain Cells With Light: Ethical Considerations for Optogenetic Clinical Trials.Frederic Gilbert, Alexander R. Harris & Robert M. I. Kapsa - 2014 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 5 (3):3-11.
    Optogenetics is being optimistically presented in contemporary media for its unprecedented capacity to control cell behavior through the application of light to genetically modified target cells. As such, optogenetics holds obvious potential for application in a new generation of invasive medical devices by which to potentially provide treatment for neurological and psychiatric conditions such as Parkinson's disease, addiction, schizophrenia, autism and depression. Design of a first-in-human optogenetics experimental trial has already begun for the treatment of blindness. Optogenetics trials involve a (...)
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  19.  31
    The Effects of the Mating Market, Sex, Age, and Income on Sociopolitical Orientation.Francesca R. Luberti, Khandis R. Blake & Robert C. Brooks - 2020 - Human Nature 31 (1):88-111.
    Sociopolitical attitudes are often the root cause of conflicts between individuals, groups, and even nations, but little is known about the origin of individual differences in sociopolitical orientation. We test a combination of economic and evolutionary ideas about the degree to which the mating market, sex, age, and income affect sociopolitical orientation. We collected data online through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk from 1108 US participants who were between 18 and 60, fluent in English, and single. While ostensibly testing a new online (...)
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  20.  15
    (2 other versions)La perception de la musique.Robert Francès - 1958 - Paris: Librairie philosophique J. Vrin.
    Depuis la premiere edition de cet ouvrage en 1958, l'interet porte a la perception de la musique n'a cesse de croitre. Le domaine de recherche tel qu'il se presente aujourd'hui est, heureusement, degage des clivages institutionnels. Il associe psychologues, acousticiens, theoriciens de la musique, informaticiens, neuro-scientifiques et tous ceux qui contribuent au progres de cette discipline [...] L'ouvrage de R. Frances, par l'influence qu'il a exerce, est devenu un classique. Il analyse de maniere detaillee, entre autre, les effets de l'harmonie (...)
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  21.  43
    Efficacy Testing as a Primary Purpose of Phase 1 Clinical Trials: Is it Applicable to First-in-Human Bionics and Optogenetics Trials?Frederic Gilbert, Alexander R. Harris & Robert M. I. Kapsa - 2012 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 3 (2):20-22.
    In her article, Pascale Hess raises the issue of whether her proposed model may be extrapolated and applied to clinical research fields other than stem cell-based interventions in the brain (SCBI-B) (Hess 2012). Broadly summarized, Hess’s model suggests prioritizing efficacy over safety in phase 1 trials involving irreversible interventions in the brain, when clinical criteria meet the appropriate population suffering from “degenerative brain diseases” (Hess 2012). Although there is a need to reconsider the traditional phase 1 model, especially with respect (...)
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  22.  42
    Why was Copernicus a Copernican?: Robert S. Westman: The Copernican question: Prognostication, skepticism, and celestial order. Berkeley, Los Angeles & London: University of California Press, 2011, xviii+682pp, $99.95, £69.95 HB.Peter Barker, Peter Dear, J. R. Christianson & Robert S. Westman - 2013 - Metascience 23 (2):203-223.
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  23.  27
    Rethinking Human Embryo Research Policies.Kirstin R. W. Matthews, Ana S. Iltis, Nuria Gallego Marquez, Daniel S. Wagner, Jason Scott Robert, Inmaculada de Melo-Martín, Marieke Bigg, Sarah Franklin, Soren Holm, Ingrid Metzler, Matteo A. Molè, Jochen Taupitz, Giuseppe Testa & Jeremy Sugarman - 2021 - Hastings Center Report 51 (1):47-51.
    It now seems technically feasible to culture human embryos beyond the “fourteen‐day limit,” which has the potential to increase scientific understanding of human development and perhaps improve infertility treatments. The fourteen‐day limit was adopted as a compromise but subsequently has been considered an ethical line. Does it remain relevant in light of technological advances permitting embryo maturation beyond it? Should it be changed and, if so, how and why? What justifications would be necessary to expand the limit, particularly given that (...)
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  24.  67
    Physician knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding a widely implemented guideline.Marcia M. Ward, Thomas E. Vaughn, Tanya Uden-Holman, Bradley N. Doebbeling, William R. Clarke & Robert F. Woolson - 2002 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 8 (2):155-162.
  25. The effect of prior conceptual knowledge on procedural performance and learning in algebra.Julie L. Booth, Kenneth R. Koedinger & Robert S. Siegler - 2007 - In McNamara D. S. & Trafton J. G. (eds.), Proceedings of the 29th Annual Cognitive Science Society. Cognitive Science Society. pp. 137--142.
     
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  26.  22
    Prefrontal Cortex and Amygdala Subregion Morphology Are Associated With Obesity and Dietary Self-control in Children and Adolescents.Mimi S. Kim, Shan Luo, Anisa Azad, Claire E. Campbell, Kimberly Felix, Ryan P. Cabeen, Britni R. Belcher, Robert Kim, Monica Serrano-Gonzalez & Megan M. Herting - 2020 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 14.
    A prefrontal control system that is less mature than the limbic reward system in adolescence is thought to impede self-regulatory abilities, which could contribute to poor dietary choices and obesity. We, therefore, aimed to examine whether structural morphology of the prefrontal cortex and the amygdala are associated with dietary decisions and obesity in children and adolescents. Seventy-one individuals between the ages of 8–22 years participated in this study; each participant completed a computer-based food choice task and a T1- and T2-weighted (...)
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  27.  19
    Human risk factors in cybersecurity.Tom Cuchta, Brian Blackwood, Thomas R. Devine & Robert J. Niichel - 2023 - Interaction Studies 24 (3):437-463.
    This article presents an experimental analysis of several cybersecurity risks affecting the human attack surface of Fairmont State University, a mid-size state university. We consider two social engineering experiments: a phishing email barrage and a targeted spearphishing campaign. In the phishing experiment, a total of 4,769 students, faculty, and staff on campus were targeted by 90,000 phishing emails. Throughout these experiments, we explored the effectiveness of three types of phishing awareness training. Our results show that phishing emails that make it (...)
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  28.  30
    By-Person Factor Analysis in Clinical Ethical Decision Making: Q Methodology in End-of-Life Care Decisions.William Wong, Arnold R. Eiser, Robert G. Mrtek & Paul S. Heckerling - 2004 - American Journal of Bioethics 4 (3):W8-W22.
    Objective: To determine the usefulness of Q methodology to locate and describe shared subjective influences on clinical decision making among participant physicians using hypothetical cases containing common ethical issues. Design: Qualitative study using by-person factor analysis of subjective Q sort data matrix. Setting: University medical center. Participants: Convenience sample of internal medicine attending physicians and house staff (n = 35) at one midwestern academic health sciences center. Interventions: Presented with four hypothetical cases involving urgent decision making near the end of (...)
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  29.  34
    Philosophy and Breaking Bad.Kevin S. Decker, David R. Koepsell & Robert Arp (eds.) - 2016 - Cham: Palgrave Macmillan.
    This volume considers the numerous philosophical ideas and arguments found in and inspired by the critically acclaimed series Breaking Bad. This show garnered both critical and popular attention for its portrayal of a cancer-stricken, middle-aged, middle-class, high school chemistry teacher’s drift into the dark world of selling methamphetamine to support his family. Its characters, situations, and aesthetic raise serious and familiar philosophical issues, especially related to ethics and morality. The show provokes a bevy of rich questions and discussion points, such (...)
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  30.  26
    Rethinking Human Embryo Research Policies.Kirstin R. W. Matthews, Ana S. Iltis, Nuria Gallego Marquez, Daniel S. Wagner, Jason Scott Robert, Inmaculada Melo-Martín, Marieke Bigg, Sarah Franklin, Soren Holm, Ingrid Metzler, Matteo A. Molè, Jochen Taupitz, Giuseppe Testa & Jeremy Sugarman - 2021 - Hastings Center Report 51 (1):47-51.
    It now seems technically feasible to culture human embryos beyond the “fourteen‐day limit,” which has the potential to increase scientific understanding of human development and perhaps improve infertility treatments. The fourteen‐day limit was adopted as a compromise but subsequently has been considered an ethical line. Does it remain relevant in light of technological advances permitting embryo maturation beyond it? Should it be changed and, if so, how and why? What justifications would be necessary to expand the limit, particularly given that (...)
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  31.  14
    Health Care on Main Street.L. W. Roberts, J. Battaglia, M. Smithpeter & R. S. Epstein - 2000 - Hastings Center Report 30 (3):5.
  32.  55
    Bounding Homogeneous Models.Barbara F. Csima, Valentina S. Harizanov, Denis R. Hirschfeldt & Robert I. Soare - 2007 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 72 (1):305 - 323.
    A Turing degree d is homogeneous bounding if every complete decidable (CD) theory has a d-decidable homogeneous model A, i.e., the elementary diagram De (A) has degree d. It follows from results of Macintyre and Marker that every PA degree (i.e., every degree of a complete extension of Peano Arithmetic) is homogeneous bounding. We prove that in fact a degree is homogeneous bounding if and only if it is a PA degree. We do this by showing that there is a (...)
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  33. Business and Ethics Basics of Law Firm Management.Stella M. Tsai, Nicholas M. Centrella, Laura C. Mattiacci, Leslie E. John, Brian S. Quinn, Shelley R. Smith, Robert S. Tintner & Raymond M. Williams (eds.) - 2022 - Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania Bar Institute.
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  34.  47
    Book Reviews Section 4.E. Paul Torrance, John Walton, Calvin O. Dyer, Virgil S. Ward, Weldon Beckner, Manouchehr Pedram, William M. Alexander, Herman J. Peters, James B. Macdonald, Samuel E. Kellams, Walter L. Hodges, Gary R. Mckenzie, Robert E. Jewett, Doris A. Trojcak, H. Parker Blount, George I. Brown, Lucile Lindberg, James C. Baughman, Patricia H. Dahl, S. Jay Samuels & Christopher J. Lucas - 1972 - Educational Studies 3 (4):239-255.
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  35.  44
    Short notice.A. C. F. Beales, Robert M. Povey, Gordon R. Cross, Kenneth Garside, Roger R. Straughan, R. S. Peters, W. B. Inglis, Helen Coppen, David Johnston, P. H. Taylor, M. F. Cleugh, Charles Gittins, J. V. Muir & Evelyn E. Cowie - 1970 - British Journal of Educational Studies 18 (3):276-355.
  36.  55
    Review of Robert M. Wallace, Hegel's Philosophy of Reality, Freedom, and God[REVIEW]Robert R. Williams - 2006 - Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews 2006 (1).
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  37.  17
    The Life of the Honourable Robert Boyle, F.R.S. by R. E. W. Maddison. [REVIEW]Robert Kargon - 1971 - Isis 62:258-259.
  38.  10
    AI governance through fractal scaling: integrating universal human rights with emergent self-governance for democratized technosocial systems.R. Eglash, M. Nayebare, K. Robinson, L. Robert, A. Bennett, U. Kimanuka & C. Maina - forthcoming - AI and Society:1-14.
    One of the challenges facing AI governance is the need for multiple scales. Universal human rights require a global scale. If someone asks AI if education is harmful to women, the answer should be “no” regardless of their location. But economic democratization requires local control: if AI’s power over an economy is dictated by corporate giants or authoritarian states, it may degrade democracy’s social and environmental foundations. AI democratization, in other words, needs to operate across multiple scales. Nature allows the (...)
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  39.  52
    Hegel’s Ethics of Recognition.Robert R. Williams - 1997 - University of California Press.
    In this significant contribution to Hegel scholarship, Robert Williams develops the most comprehensive account to date of Hegel's concept of recognition. Fichte introduced the concept of recognition as a presupposition of both Rousseau's social contract and Kant's ethics. Williams shows that Hegel appropriated the concept of recognition as the general pattern of his concept of ethical life, breaking with natural law theory yet incorporating the Aristotelian view that rights and virtues are possible only within a certain kind of community. He (...)
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  40.  59
    The Kantian Sublime and the Revelation of Freedom.Robert R. Clewis - 2009 - New York: Cambridge University Press.
    In this book Robert R. Clewis shows how certain crucial concepts in Kant's aesthetics and practical philosophy - the sublime, enthusiasm, freedom, empirical and intellectual interests, the idea of a republic - fit together and deepen our understanding of Kant's philosophy. He examines the ways in which different kinds of sublimity reveal freedom and indirectly contribute to morality, and discusses how Kant's account of natural sublimity suggests that we have an indirect duty with regard to nature. Unlike many other studies (...)
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  41.  17
    Beyond Authority and Hermeneutics: Edward Farley's Ecclesial Reflection.Robert R. Williams - 1983 - Philosophy Today 27 (1):18-30.
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  42.  22
    Bearing Fruit: Miocene Apes and Rosaceous Fruit Evolution.Robert N. Spengler, Frank Kienast, Patrick Roberts, Nicole Boivin, David R. Begun, Kseniia Ashastina & Michael Petraglia - 2023 - Biological Theory 18 (2):134-151.
    Extinct megafaunal mammals in the Americas are often linked to seed-dispersal mutualisms with large-fruiting tree species, but large-fruiting species in Europe and Asia have received far less attention. Several species of arboreal Maloideae (apples and pears) and Prunoideae (plums and peaches) evolved large fruits starting around nine million years ago, primarily in Eurasia. As evolutionary adaptations for seed dispersal by animals, the size, high sugar content, and bright colorful visual displays of ripeness suggest that mutualism with megafaunal mammals facilitated the (...)
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  43.  72
    Reflective intuitions about the causal theory of perception across sensory modalities.R. Roberts, K. Allen & Kelly Schmidtke - 2021 - Review of Philosophy and Psychology 12 (2):257-277.
    Many philosophers believe that there is a causal condition on perception, and that this condition is a conceptual truth about perception. A highly influential argument for this claim is based on intuitive responses to Gricean style thought experiments. Do the folk share the intuitions of philosophers? Roberts et al. (2016) presented participants with two kinds of cases: Blocker cases (similar to Grice’s case involving a mirror and a pillar) and Non-Blocker cases (similar to Grice’s case involving a clock and (...)
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  44. "C.S. Evans, "Kierkegaard's "Fragments" and "Postscript": The religious philosophy of Johannes Climacus".R. C. Roberts - 1984 - International Journal for Philosophy of Religion 16 (2):175.
     
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  45.  21
    Verbal and numeric probabilities differentially shape decisions.Robert N. Collins, David R. Mandel & Brooke A. MacLeod - 2024 - Thinking and Reasoning 30 (1):235-257.
    Experts often communicate probabilities verbally (e.g., unlikely) rather than numerically (e.g., 25% chance). Although criticism has focused on the vagueness of verbal probabilities, less attention has been given to the potential unintended, biasing effects of verbal probabilities in communicating probabilities to decision-makers. In four experiments (Ns = 201, 439, 435, 696), we showed that probability format (i.e., verbal vs. numeric) influenced participants’ inferences and decisions following a hypothetical financial expert’s forecast. We observed a format effect for low probability forecasts: verbal (...)
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  46.  20
    Kant’s Transcendental Deduction: An Analysis of Main Themes in His Critical Philosophy.R. C. Howell & Robert A. Howell - 1992 - Springer Verlag.
    The argument of the Transcendental Deduction of the Categories in the Critique of Pure Reason is the deepest and most far-reaching in philosophy. In his new book, Robert Howell interprets main themes of the Deduction using ideas from contemporary philosophy and intensional logic, thereby providing a keener grasp of Kant's many subtleties than has hitherto been available. No other work pursues Kant's argument through every twist and turn with the careful, logically detailed attention maintained here. Surprising new accounts of apperception, (...)
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  47.  50
    Language and political theory: Weldon's vocabulary of politics revisited.Robert R. Albritton - 1975 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 5 (1):17-31.
  48.  54
    Hegel and Whitehead as Categorial Thinkers.Robert R. Williams - 1985 - The Owl of Minerva 17 (1):41-53.
    A superficial glance at the philosophies of Hegel and Whitehead reveals some not insignificant thematic parallels and/or convergences: Both take process rather than static substance to be central, and both conceive it as a social, organic whole; both share a critique of the philosophical tradition of substance metaphysics, and both reject the substance-accident scheme. The question arises whether such thematic parallels are merely fortuitious, or grounded in yet more fundamental convergence. A formidable obstacle in making such a determination is created (...)
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  49.  17
    List of Abbreviations.Robert R. Clewis - 2015 - In Reading Kant's Lectures. Boston: De Gruyter.
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  50. Aesthetic and Moral Judgment: The Kantian Sublime in the "Observations", the "Remarks" , and the "Critique of Judgment".Robert R. Clewis - 2003 - Dissertation, Boston College
    This study characterizes Kant's understanding of the relation between aesthetic and moral judgment by examining the concept of sublimity in three of Kant's texts: the Beobachtungen uber das Gefuhl des Schonen und Erhabenen , the Bemerkungen in den " Beobachtungen uber das Gefuhl des Schonen und Erhabenen" , and the Kritik der Urteilskraft . Part I examines aesthetic and moral judgment in the Observations and the Remarks; Part II characterizes Kant's account in the later or critical period; and Part III (...)
     
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